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Heilongjiang is shown in black. Note that
Chinese names are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen font. This may appear as question marks or other
symbols if that font is not installed on your browser. |
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Regional Capital: Harbin Average temperatures: -23 deg
C to -17 deg C in January; 16 deg C to 23 deg C in July. Physical
features: Heilongjiang Province has mountains in the
north and south, with plains in the east and west. Intermittent volcanic
eruptions occur in some sections. As a
far north province, Heilongjiang is the coldest in the northwest. The area of the province is 454,000 square
kilometres. Rivers: The Heilong
River flows along the northern border. The Nenjiang and Songhua River are in
the middle and the Wusuli River is along the eastern border. Administrative divisions: 19 cities, 59 counties and 1 autonomous county. Historical significance: The Han Chinese did not settle in the province until the mid-19th
century. Prior to that, Russians
exerted considerable influence over the region and the early influence is
still felt. Some parts of the province retain Russian characteristics,
particularly in architectural style. |
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The province's deposits of gold and graphite are among the largest in
China. Other significant mineral and
metal deposits include silver, copper, lead, aluminium, tungsten, zinc,
molybdenum, crude oil, coal, wood, soda, quartz, marble and mica. The province also ranks first in production
of petroleum, which is mainly found in Daqing Oilfield（大慶油田）. Output of crude oil reached
54.5 million tons in 1999, ranking the first in China and accounting for
one-third of the country's total. |
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Notes:
*Estimated |
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Railways – Rail is an
important means of transport in this relatively large and isolated
province. There are frequent train
services to the ports of Dalian in Liaoning Province and
Vladivostok in Russia. Electrification
of HaDa Railway（哈大鐵路: Harbin-Dalian 哈爾濱－大連）was completed recently. A new railway
network from Harbin to Changxing（長興）in
Zhejiang is being
planned. This will link with the HaDa
railway and a 170-kilometre-long ferry passage from Dalian to Yantai in Shandong. It will further extend from Shandong to Zhejiang and connect
with Shanghai and Jiangsu Province. Another major
provincial railway, the Suidong line （阳-宁）, which will link the eastern part of the province with Russian Far
Eastern ports, is under construction. Roadways -- The province
has a well-developed transportation network centred on Harbin. The Shenha Expressway（瀋哈高速公路）from
Shenyang
to Harbin, one of the longest four-lane highway in
China, is now under construction.
Air Transport -- Harbin Airport provides
regular flight services to places like Hong Kong and Russia. Other major airports are located at
Jiamusi, Mudanjiang, Heihe, and Qiqihar. Recently, the longest domestic air route in China has been opened
which stretches from Jiamusi City（佳木斯）in
Heilongjiang to Sanya City in Hainan. Telecommunications – Communications
are well-developed in Heilongjiang. There are 3.47 million mobile phone users
and 200,000 internet users in Heilongjiang, as at the end of 2000. Erisson recently
set up a new joint venture with the Heilongjiang Mobile Telecom Company. The new company, Heilongjiang Erisson
Technology Co. Ltd. is the ninth joint venture of Erisson in China and will
mainly engage in R&D and technological services in both domestic and
international market. Electricity -- There are 1,700 rivers providing ample
resources for hydroelectric power
generation in the province. At
present, the total capacity of hydroelectric power is over 6 million kWh,
while the capacity of thermal power plant is around 3.6 million kWh. |
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Electronics, automotives and animal feed industries, all of which depend on imported capital and advanced technology, have become the province's pillar industries. The province's heavy industries such as the mining industries contribute a large percentage to the province's economy. Future development will be focused on five industries: petrochemical, automobiles and spare parts, electronics, foodstuff and pharmaceuticals. In 2000, exports increased by 60 per cent to US$2.4 billion. Major export items included textiles, garment, electronic parts, soybeans and footwear.
Imports amounted to US$1.6 billion, an increase of 6.7 per cent over
1999. Major import goods were
machinery, petrochemicals, light industrial and textile products. |
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Harbin Economic and Technological
Development Zone（哈爾濱經濟技術開發區） Harbin High and New Technological
Development Zone（哈爾濱高新技術開發區） Daqing Hi- and New- Technological
Development Zone（大慶高新技術開發區） Heihe Border
Economic and Technological Co-operation Zone （黑河邊境經濟合作區） Suifenhe Border Economic and
Technological Co-operation Zone （綏芬河邊境經濟合作區） The main development is border trade and economic and technology
co-operation with Russian, export process, warehousing and transportation,
real estate and tourism. In the first
quarter of 2000, Suifenhe City's total trade reached US$184 million, up 52.4
per cent over the same period of 1999.
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Ř Harbin Ř Daqing Ř Qiqihar Ř Suihua Eastern
industrial region depends heavily on the growing trade with Russia: The cities are listed below
according to their ranking by industrial output. |
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Harbin
lies in the southern plains and is about 60 kilometres from the Jilin border. It is a large machinery and tool
manufacturing centre, as well as a producer of electrical and construction
equipment. |
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Daqing
is approximately midway between Harbin and Qiqihar. Its oil
field is the largest in China. The
city is spread over a relatively large area, with small communities built
around the 8,000 or so oil wells that are contained within the municipality. |
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Suihua
is at the northern tip of the southern plains region and is about 110
kilometres directly north of Harbin. |
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Qiqihar is about 250
kilometres northeast of Harbin. Its main industrial output consists of
locomotives, mining equipment, machine tools and motor vehicles. It is considered to be the gateway to the
Zalong Nature Reserve. |
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Mudanjiang lies nearly 300 kilometres east of Harbin and is one of China's major border trade centres,
accounting for nearly 70 per cent of the province's total border trade. In 1999, this trade reached US$1
billion. Its major export goods
included light industrial products, textiles, food, electronic equipment,
vegetables, agricultural by-products and ornaments. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council
http://www.hktdc.com). |
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