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HENAN PROVINCE（河南省） Henan Province is shown in
black. Note that Chinese names
are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen font. This may appear as question marks or other symbols if that font
is not installed on your browser. |
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Provincial Capital: Zhengzhou. It
became the provincial capital after 1949, mainly because of its position at
the intersection of north-south and east-west rail lines. Physical features: The
province has an area of 167,000 square kilometres with rugged mountains in
the west and rich agricultural land in the eastern and central areas. It has a large population with only a
moderate land area. As a consequence,
the population density is relatively high, with 554 people per square
kilometre. Rivers and lakes: There
are four major rivers in the province: Yellow
River, Sha River, Huai River and the Wei River, and there are no significant
lakes. The
Yellow River cuts across the northern part of the province and the
southwestern portion is part of the Yangtze River Basin. Average temperatures: -3 deg
C to 3 deg C in January; 24 deg C to 29 deg C in July. Administrative divisions: 18
cities and 111 counties. Historical significance: The region is often regarded as the
birthplace of the Han Chinese, with a history that goes back to urban-based
settlements of the Shang Dynasty (1700 to 1027 BC), during which the writing
system was developed. Well known tourist sites include a number of Shang ruins
in or near Zhengzhou （鄭州商城遺址）, Yin Dynasty ruins (latter part of the
Shang era) in Anyang（安陽殷商遺址）in the northeastern part
of the province, the Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng（登封少林寺）and the White Horse Temple in Luoyang（洛陽白馬寺）. |
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Notes: * In real terms |
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Rail Transport － Zhengzhou is one of the most
important rail transport centres in China.
The Beijing-Guangzhou line（北京－廣州）, the Jiaozuo-Zhicheng line（焦作－枝城）and the Beijing-Kowloon（北京－九龍）railways cross the province from north to
south. Other railways include the
Lanzhou-Lianyungang（蘭州－連雲港）, the Jiaozuo-Xinxiang-Heze（焦新－新菏線）and the Mengmiao-Baofeng-Luohe-Fuyang（孟寶－漯阜線）lines run through Henan from west to
east. The Euro-Asia Land Bridge
(Lianyungang to Rotterdam) also passes through the city. Roadways － Major roadways in Henan
include the Kaifeng-Luoyang Expressway, the Zhengzhou-Luoyang Expressway, the
Anyang-Xinxiang Expressway, the Xuchang-Luohe Expressway and the
Luoyang-Sanmenxia Expressway. Construction of the Sanmenxia-Lingbao Expressway is in
progress. The section is part of
China's longest expressway linking Lianyungang (Jiangsu Province), in the
east with Horgos (Xinjiang Region) to the northwest. This will also provide a better connection
to neighbouring Shaanxi.
Air Transport － Henan has airports in Zhengzhou,
Luoyang and Nanyang and
international flight services are available at Zhengzhou. Chartered flights to Hong Kong and Macau
are also available. Telecommunications － Telecommunications services have made
remarkable progress. In the first
quarter of 2001, there were 1.73 million subscribers for mobile phone
services, ranked sixth in the country.
Recently, Henan had opened a new broadband IP network that is among
the largest in China. Electricity － With rich coal resources, Henan acts as a centre
for thermal power generation in China.
In 1999, the installed generating capacity in Henan reached 14.8
million kWh, ranking the sixth in the country. Power stations are constructed at major cities in Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Anyang, Hebi, Xinxiang,
Jiaozuo and Sanmenxia. |
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Brand names associated with the province include: Ř
Xinfei electrical appliances, Ř
Lotus Flower gourmet powder, Ř
Chundu ham sausages and Ř Shuanghui ham
sausages. Most of the industrial output in the province occurs in
the northern cities near the Yellow River. |
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Zhengzhou New and
Hi-Tech Development Zone （鄭州高新技術產業開發區） Approved by the State Council in
March 1991, the zone focuses on electronics, new materials technology,
medical science and biomedical engineering. Luoyang New and Hi-Tech Development Zone（洛陽高新技術產業開發區） Approved by the State Council
in 1992, this is the centre of scientific research in Luoyang. It consists of research institutes as well
as engineering companies, with an emphasis on integrated photo-electric and
electro-mechanical devices, electronic information, and bio-engineering. |
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As noted above, Zhengzhou is a major distribution centre in central
China. It is known for its array of
wholesale markets, including am agricultural wholesale market and a building
materials wholesale market.. Major commercial centres
include Zhengzhou Commercial Mansion（鄭州商業大廈）, Zhengzhou Asia Supermarket（鄭州亞細亞商場）, Zhengzhou Hualian Commercial Mansion（鄭州華聯商廈）, Zhengzhou Tianran Commercial Mansion（鄭州天然商廈）, Zhengzhou City Department Store（鄭州市百貨大樓）, Zhengzhou Central Trade Warehouse（鄭州貿易中心）and Zhongyuan Transaction Centre（中原貿易中心）. |
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Ř Luoyang Ř Jiaozuo Ř Xinxiang and Ř Kaifeng. Southern Industrial
Region – This region opens
into a broad valley that continues into Hubei Province. Ř
Nanyang The cities are listed below according to their ranking by
industrial output. |
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Zhengzhou is about 12 hours by rail from either Shanghai or Beijing. It does not have a high rating in most
travel guides, but the eastern fringe of the city has some of the oldest
ruins and earliest relics of Chinese urbanisation. The old portion of Zhengzhou is considered to be a typical
Shang city, characterised by large, rectangular buildings set inside stonewalls,
and villages along the periphery. |
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Nanyang dominates the southern industrial region. It is about 240 km from Zhengzhou. |
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Luoyang is about 120 km east of Zhengzhou,
along a roadway that has numerous sites but Luoyang has more than the other locations. The city became prominent during the Eastern Zhou Period
(770-221 BC) when it replaced Xi’an as the
capital. It remained the central city
for 10 dynasties. The White Horse Temple in Luoyang was the first Buddhist
temple in China. The city generally decayed during the Qing Dynasty and was
rehabilitated shortly after 1949, with an industrialising program that was
similar to that of Zhengzhou. |
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Together with Jiaozuo, Xinxiang occupies the
northern side of the Yellow River. Xinxiang
lies slightly to the east of Zhengzhou, while Jiaozuo lies slightly to the west. |
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Together with Xinxiang, Jiaozuo occupies the
northern side of the Yellow River. Xinxiang lies slightly to the east of Zhengzhou, while Jiaozuo lies slightly to the west. |
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Kaifeng is about 69 km directly east of Zhengzhou and was an important capital city in the
Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 AD).
The dynasty was known for its development of cities, not only for
administrative purposes but also as centres of trade, industry and commerce. The city was destroyed in 1127 when the court was invaded
from the north. It was restored and
rebuilt during the Qing Dynasty. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com) |
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