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Hunan Province is shown
in black. Note that Chinese names are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen
font. This may appear as question
marks or other symbols if that font is not installed on your browser. |
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Provincial Capital: Changsha Average temperatures: 4 deg
C to 8 deg C in January; 26 deg C to 30 deg C in July. Physical features: Land
area is 212,000 square kilometres. Mountains and hills cover about 80 per cent of the
province. A small plain surrounds
Dongting Lake in the central north near the border with Hubei province. Rivers: Xiang, Yuan and Zi Rivers are
the principal waterways. The Yangtze River touches the border near Dongting
Lake. Administrative divisions: 24
cities, 1 autonomous prefecture, 74 counties and 6 autonomous counties. Historical significance: Hunan
was the centre of a southern kingdom known as the Ch’u. It was incorporated by the Qin Dynasty in 221
BC and thus became part of the unified Chinese state. Dongting Lake is the major tourist attraction, with an
area of 2,828 sq km. Mount Hengshan,
which is 1,290 metres high is also of interest. Historical sites
include: Ø Emperor Yan’s Tomb（炎帝陵）in Yanling County, Ø Emperor Shun’s Tomb（舜帝陵）in Ningyuan County, Ø Memorial Temple of Qu Yuan （屈原紀念館）in Miluo County, Ø Chuangwang Mausoleum（闖王墓）, built in the late Ming Dynasty, Ø Yueyang Tower（岳陽樓） one of the three major historical
monuments in South China, Ø Yuelu Academy（嶽麓書院）, one of the top four academies of
the Song Dynasty, Ø Aiwan Pavilion（愛晚亭）, one of top four pavilions in
China, and Ø
Tomb of Mawangdui（馬王堆）from the Eastern Han Period. |
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Its reserve of bismuth, rubidium, bone coal, fluorite, barite
and monazite are the largest in the country.
Reserves of manganese, vitriol, rhenium, arsenic and kaolin the
second, and that of zinc, aluminium, tin, tantalum, graphite, diamond and
cement materials the third. The production volume of lead,
zinc, hard alloy, salt fluorite and ramie textile products of Hunan Province
are the first in the country.
Production of tungsten, aluminium, zinc, mercury and pottery are
second. |
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Notes: *In real terms |
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Railways -- Major railways include the
Beijing-Guangzhou line, Zhicheng-Liuzhou, Zhejiang-Jiangxi, Hunan-Guizhou and
Hunan-Guangxi lines, linking the province to all directions in the country.
The construction of the Shashi-Yueyang（沙市－岳陽） line is underway. In the Tenth Five-Year Plan,
the Hunan provincial government plans to invest heavily in the construction
of railways and highways. The
construction of the Shashi-Yueyang （沙市－岳陽）line is underway. Another major railway
that links Chongqing and Hunan, the Chongqing-Huaihua（重慶－懷化）line’s construction had begun
recently. The Hunan section of the
Datong-Zhanjiang（大同－湛江）line is also under construction. Roadways -- Major highways include
Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, Yueyang-Guangzhou and Changsha-Zhangjiajie
lines. Recently, the construction of
the Xiang-Zi-Gui Highway（湘－資－桂高等級公路）that links Hunan and Guangxi provinces was
completed. In the Tenth Five-Year Plan,
Hunan provincial government expect to construct the following roadways: the
Xiang-Lai Road（湘來線）, Lai-Yi Road（來宜線）and Lin-Chang Road（臨長線）, which are main parts of the
Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the Tan-Shao Road（潭－邵線）, the Changsha Metro Superhighway（長沙國道繞城幹線）, the Hengzao Road（衡棗線）, and the Changde-Zhangjiajie Road（常德－張家界線）. Air Transport -- Hunan's international airport, Huanghua
Airport, in Changsha
operates regular services to major domestic and international cities
including Hong Kong and Bangkok.
Other domestic airports are located at Changde, Hengyang, Lingling and
Zhangjiajie. Telecommunications -- Telecommunications capacity in Hunan has
increased substantially in recent years.
Mobile phone services are available in major cities. At the end of April 2001, there were over
2.18 million subscribers for mobile phone and 830,000 internet users. |
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Metallurgy, machinery and electronics, food, chemicals,
textiles, energy and building materials are the
pillar industries in Hunan. Hunan's
production of ferrous alloys and household ceramics are the
highest in the country. Other major
products include machine tools, automobiles, motorcycles, electric motors,
cement, chemical fertilizer, chemical fibre, pesticides and garments. The machinery industry has
developed rapidly and can now produce more than 3,000 kinds of products
including electric locomotives, tractors, heavy machine tools and
high-precision electronic equipment. Major export goods included
clothing, textiles, silk, rice, pottery, tea, live pigs, iron alloy and steel
products. Manufactured goods account
for about some 85 per cent of Hunan's total exports. Major export markets were Hong Kong, the
US, Japan, Germany and Republic of Korea. Imports also rose by 62 per
cent to US$136 million in 2000. Major
import goods included aquatic products, non-ferrous metals, steel, electronic
equipment, chemical raw materials, tobacco, paper and chemical fertilizers. Major import sources were Hong Kong, the
US, Germany, Japan and Australia. |
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This special zone is located in the town area of
Changsha county, contiguous to the eastern suburbs of Changsha city. The special zone encourages investment in and
development of industry, high and new technologies and service trades. Emphasis is placed on foreign investment in
such new industries as microelectronics, new materials, bioengineering,
information and communication and new sources of energy. Changsha New and High Tech Industries
Development Zone （長沙高新技術産業開發區） This is a national-level development zone authorised
by the State Council. The planned area
of the zone situated on the west bank of the Xiang River and by National
Highway No. 319. The zone is
divided into the industrial district, the multi-functional district and a
residential district, etc. Yueyang Economic and Technological
Development Zone （岳陽經濟技術開發區） This is a key development zone of Hunan Province.
The zone, conveniently located at the junction of the golden waterway the
Yangtze River, the 107th National Highway, the Dongting Lake and the
Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, is linked to Beijing, Guangzhou,
Shanghai, Xi'an and other
major cities in China by air, water, rail and road. Zhuzhou New and High Tech Industries
Development Zone （株洲高新技術産業開發區） This is
another state-approved national-level development zone in Hunan province. It
is located in the city of Zhuzhou, a hub of
communications and an important industrial base in southern China. The zone
encourages development of aviation and space technologies, fine chemicals and
other hi-tech products. |
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Major department stores and
shopping centres in Hunan include Hunan Changsha Friendship Group（湖南長沙友誼(集團)有限公司）, Hunan Commercial Group（湖南省商業集團總公司）, Changsha Department Store（長沙百貨集團公司）and Hengyang Department Store（衡陽百貨文化總公司）. |
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Yueyang and Central industrial region: This includes the cities along the Xiang River that flows northward to
the Yangtze. Most of the cities in
the part of the province began as rural-support cities: Hengyang and |
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Changsha is located in the northeastern part of the province,
along the Xiang River. It has been an
urban area for more than 3,000 years, and was sustained for this period by
the fertile Hunan plains. It became a
major trading centre for agricultural products. |
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Yueyang is located about 150 km north of Changsha, along the provincial border with Hubei Province. It lies along the Yangtze River, the point
where the upstream portion opens into a network of connected lakes, the set
of which is referred to as Dongting Lake. Yueyang is a port city for Yangtze River ferries. |
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Changde lies on the western portion of Dongting Lake, and is
about 70 km from Yueyang. |
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The city has important lead and zinc mining
industries. It was badly damaged
during World War II and reconstruction was completed only recently. |
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Zhuzhou is about 40 km south of Changsha
by straight line, but the distance is greater by water due to bends in the
Xiang River. The city
was a small market town early in the 20th century, but expanded rapidly when
the railway from Guangzhou to Wuhan was completed in 1937. Its manufacturing sector is growing
rapidly, but transport services continue to be an important activity for the
city. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com) |
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