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Shandong is shown in black. Note
that Chinese names are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen font. This may appear as question marks or other
symbols if that font is not installed on your browser. |
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Regional Capital: Jinan Average temperatures: -5 deg
C to -1 deg C in January; 24 deg C to 28 deg C in July. Physical
features: The province is situated in the lower valley of the
Yellow River, with hills in the central region and along the eastern
peninsula. Plains occur in the
northwest and central east, with a narrow lowland in the south, especially
along the south eastern coast. The
Huabei Pingyuan in the north is intensively cultivated. The province faces the Bohai Gulf in the
north and the Yellow Sea in the east.
The area of the province is 156,700 square kilometres. Rivers: The Yellow River is the only
major waterway except for the Grand Canal. Administrative divisions: 25 cities and 86 counties. Historical significance: The
province was settled as early as the 3rd century BC, and became part of China
during the Shang dynasty (1766 to about 1027 BC). It was the birthplace of the philosophers Confucius and
Mencius. Russia tried to gain control
of the eastern peninsula in the 19th century and this led to efforts of the
Europeans to counteract the influence. |
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Shandong is one of the four largest salt production areas in
China. It ground water is 3 to 6
times denser than sea water. |
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Notes: *Estimated |
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Qingdao’s container handling capacity was increased in
the past few years. In 1999, it
handled more than 1.5 million TEUs of containers, making it the second
busiest container port in China, after Shanghai. China Ocean Shipping Corporation (COSCO) recently opened an
express route from Qingdao to Japan recently. The route passes through several ports
including Yantai, Qingdao, Tokyo
and Yokohama. Railways -- Major railways in Shandong
include Hanji railway（邯濟鐵路: Handan-Jinan 邯鄲－濟南）, the Beijing-Shanghai Railway（京滬線）and Beijing-Kowloon Railway（京九線）running through the province from north to south. The Jinan-Qingdao Railway crosses from
east to west. A new
railway network will be built from Harbin in Heilongjiang to
Changxing in Zhejiang. The railway network will link the
Harbin-Dalian railway and a 170-kilometre-long ferry passage from Dalian to Yantai. It will
further extend from Shandong to Zhejiang and pass
through Shanghai
and Jiangsu. Highways -- Jinan-Qingdao Expressway（濟青高速公路）has opened to traffic and some expressways are under construction,
which include the portion linking Beijing-Shanghai Expressway（京滬高速公路）and Beijing-Fuzhou Expressway（京福高速公路）. In addition, several new
expressways linking Dongying to Qingzhou, Qufu to Jiehe, Jiehe to Linhong,
Dezhou to Qihe and Rizhao to Heze（荷澤）, most of which are portions of the national traffic network, were
finished recently. New expressways
will be constructed including those from Laixi to Fenshui, Yantai to Laizhou
and Zhuyuan to Qufu. Air Transport -- Shandong has 9 airports in
operation. The international airports
at Jinan and Qingdao offer air
routes to domestic and international cities including Hong Kong and Republic
of Korea. Telecommunications -- Shandong's post and
telecommunications have developed rapidly over the past decade. By the end of 2000, mobile phone
subscribers in Shandong reached 5.1 million.
Electricity --
Shandong is the home of the only independent power network among the
country's six power networks with an annual output of 91 billion kWh. The province also is also planning to
develop wind, tidal and solar energy. |
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With a 3,300 km-long coastline,
which accounts for one-sixth of China's total, Shandong has a large fishery
and aquaculture industry. In 1999,
its aquatic output ranked the first in the country. The province leads the country in the exports of prawns, crabs,
scallops, shellfish, algae, abalone, sea cucumber and sea urchin. |
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In 1999, the province's output of chemical
fertilizer rose to 3.9 million tons and is ranked the first in the
country. Cement production reached
9.5 million tons and is also ranked first.
Many other industrial products also ranked high in the country,
including soda ash, caustic soda, raw salt, paper, wine and beer, cotton
yarn, clothes, and synthetic detergents. Many of China's large industrial enterprises are
based in Shandong. This includes the
following: Qingdao Haier Group（青島海爾集團） Other brand names include the following: China Qingqi Motorcycles（中國輕騎） Shandong
plans to concentrate on the development of its electronics and information
technology industries. Priority will
be given to the development of computers, telecommunications, software
applicable to information networking and network telecommunications. The province will also develop software
applicable to network engineering and telecommunications, as well as software
related to the Internet and support software. Currently, about 1,220 enterprises are engaged in new and
high-tech industry in the province. In 2000, Shandong's exports totalled
US$16.1 billion. Major export goods
were machinery, electronics, chemicals, textiles, garments, etc. Major export markets were Japan, the US,
Republic of Korea, Hong Kong and Germany.
Shandong imported US$12.2 billion in merchandise in 2000. Major import commodities included steel,
machinery, wool, chemicals, raw materials, computers, complete sets of
equipment and technology and fertilizers.
Major import sources were Republic of Korea, Japan, the US, Germany
and Russia. |
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Qingdao EDTZ（青島經濟技術開發區）was established in October 1984 with the approval of the State
Council. Currently, there were 1,058
foreign-invested projects from 47 countries and regions with total investment
more than US$2.6 billion. Most
overseas investments are in machinery, chemicals, building materials,
property, tourism, trade, textiles and other light industries. Investors from France, Sweden and Japan,
have set up more than 1,100 businesses in the zone, with combined overseas
capital of about US$2.2 billion.
Pillar industries in the zone include electrical home appliances, bio-
pharmaceutical products, machinery and chemical fibres. Yantai EDTZ（煙台經濟技術開發區）was established in October 1984 with the approval of the State
Council. Overseas direct investment
are encouraged to invest in information technology, new materials, automotive
parts, pharmaceuticals, bioengineering, machinery, electronics, computer,
textiles, furniture, chemicals, rubbers and other light industries. During the past few years, investors from
the US, Japan, Germany and Republic of Korea, have set up more than 800
businesses in the zone with total investment of US$2.7 billion. Weihai EDTZ（威海經濟技術開發區）was established in October 1992 with the approval of the State
Council, the zone has established more than 10 small industrial development zones,
including Hong Kong Investment Zone, Taiwan Investment Zone, South Korea
Investment Zone, Chemical Development Zone, Textile Development Zone,
Building Materials Development Zone, and High-tech Development Zone. The zone welcomes foreign investors to
invest in high-tech, high added value, and pollution-free projects in
electronics, light industries, textiles, chemicals, building materials, and
food-processing industries. Qingdao Bonded Zone（青島保稅區）was established in November 1992 with the approval of the State
Council, the zone implements more liberalised and preferential policies to
attract foreign trade and investment.
Foreign investments are encouraged to invest in export processing,
transit trade, storage, hi-tech projects, transport and international
finance. The zone has set up a gold,
silver and jewellery processing park, an electronic industrial park, an
export-oriented industrial area and area for the rubber processing industry.
In the first six months of 2000, the zone approved 99 overseas-funded
projects with contractual overseas investment of US$76.8 million. Qingdao Shilaoren Tourism and Holiday Resort Zone（青島石老人國度假區）is located at the eastern Qingdao and was approved to establish by the
State Council in October 1992. With
12.5 km-long coastal lines and 2 km-long beaches, the zone will be developed
into a modern vacation and tourism centre. |
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Major department stores and shopping centres in
Shandong include Jinan Yinzuo Shopping Centre（濟南銀座商城）, Qingdao Liqun Co., Ltd.（青島利群股份有限公司）, Qingdao Hisense Plaza（青島信信廣場）, Jinan
Guihe Plaza（濟南貴和購物中心）, Qingdao Chinese Goods Shareholding Corp.（青島國貨股份有限公司）, Jinan People's Shopping Centre（濟南人民商場）, Qingdao Laoshan Department Store（青島嶗山百貨大樓）, Jinan Hualian（濟南華聯）and Jinan Department Store（濟南巿百貨大樓）. Qingdao was one of the first 12 pilot cities approved by the State
Council to form Sino-foreign retail joint ventures with import-export
rights. At present, there are 3 famous
multi-international department stores/supermarkets have invested in Qingdao, they are Parkson, Jusco and Carrefour. In addition, a Taiwanese-invested retail
gaint has been set up in Jinan recently -- the Jinan Renmin Daruifa Commercial Co. Ltd., with total investment of
US$30 million. |
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Ø
Qingdao Ø
Yantai Ø
Weihai Central industrial region, including: Ø
Jinan Ø
Weifang Ø
Zibo The cities are listed below according to their ranking by
industrial output. |
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Qingdao lies on the Yellow Sea. It became a city under German influence in the early part of
the 20th century. The port, which
rarely freezes over, serves the industrialised northern Huabei Pingyuan and
was expanded in 1976 to include an oil terminal for large tankers on Huang
Dao. The leading industries of the city include textiles,
railway equipment, rubber goods, fertilizer, and chemicals. Tsingtao beer,
brewed in Qingdao, is marketed internationally. |
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Jinan, located in the north-central region of the province,
along the Yellow River, is is a major industrial and transport centre. Products include include steel, machinery,
tools, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles, and processed food. Mineral springs and some notable religious
and historical sites are situated here. The city is located at the foot of the Tai Mountains,
which is of holiest from ancient times.
Historic sites include the Thousand Buddha Cliff, the Four Door
Pagoda, and the Valley of the Buddhas Temple. Jinan was founded in the 8th century BC, Jinan was part of the
Lu state and an early religious centre. |
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Yantai lies on the Yellow Sea and is a major port for the
northern region. Like Qingdao, it
began as a fishing village and outpost against invasion. The name means “smoke terrace” and was derived
from the practice of lighting fires to warn the fishing fleets of pirate
ships. The port was opened to foreign trade in 1862, but did not
attract foreign concessions, although trading establishments were started by
the Japanese and Americans. The city is known for its fruit-based wines and spirits. |
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Weifang is the easternmost
city of the Jinan-Zibo-Weifang grouping and is located about 150 kilometres
from Qingdao.
It lies at the intersection of the main east-west roadway in the
Shandong Peninsula and two diagonal roadways. |
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Zibo is midway between Jinan and Weifang, in a major coal-mining area. Excavations not far from Zibo (at Linzhi)
yielded 600 house skeletons dating back to the Qi Dynasty (479-500 AD). The city is noted for its glassworks and porcelain. |
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Weihei is about 60 kilometres east of Yantai
and remained a somewhat obscure port until a ferry service to Inchon was
opened shortly after the People’s Republic and the Republic of Korea
normalised diplomatic relations. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com) |
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